• dx]Gb| kL= nfdf

;]/f]km]/f]

g]kfn ef/taf6 s] rfxG5 <

xfn} ef/tsf ljb]zdGqL g6j/ l;+xsf] g]kfn e|d0fn] oL b'O{ /fi6«aLrsf] ;DaGwdf s]xL gofF s'/f xf]nf ls eGg] c8\snafhL lgs} rNof] . t/ a'´g} g;Sg] s'/f xf], of] . Psfkl§ ef/tn] g]kfndf x:tIf]k u¥of] egL g]kfnLx¿ ef/t–lj/f]wL gf/f nufpF5g\Ù ef/tLox¿sf :s"n hnfpF5g\ / ef/tsf k|wfgdGqLsf] k'Tnfdf cfuf] nufpF5g\ . csf]{lt/ ToxL ef/tsf] ljb]zdGqL sf7df8f}F cfpFbf /fi6«df /lxcfPsf] /fhgLlts pynk'yn ;dfKt kfg{ ;xof]u k'Unf ls eGg] cfzf /fV5g\ .

g]kfnLx¿ /fli6«o lrgf/L / ;fj{ef}ldstf eGgf;fy x/]s d~rdf pk|mG5g\, efj's /fhgLlt u5{g\ . t/ km]l/ cd]l/sf / ef/taf6 v'n]cfd xftxltof/ dfuL cfˆg}x¿nfO{ df5{g\ . s] oL xftxltof/ / cGo ;/sf/L ;+:yfut ;xof]u rflxF ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] xgg\ xf]Og < csf]{ /fi6«sf] ;xfotfn] cfˆgf] /fhgLlts 9fFrf / rfxgfdf kl/jt{g Nofpg' eg]sf] /fi6«df aflx/L tfstsf] k|efj a9\g' xf] . s] g]kfn oxL rfxG5 < ;g\ !(%) kl5sf] Oltxf; x]bf{, g]kfnn] oxL k|sf/sf] k|j[lQ ;r]t ¿kdf ckgfPsf] b]lvG5 .

cfhef]ln t g]kfnsf] k|wfgdGqL ;d]t ef/tn] lgo'Qm u5{ eGg] va/ cvaf/x¿ 5fK5g\ . s] of] s'/f ;fFrf] xf] < ls dgu9Gt] cvaf/x¿sf] vf]qmf]kg xf] < g]kfn s:tf] /fi6« < /fi6« 8'Ab}5, hgtf–hgfb{gsf] b]zdflysf] cf:yf–cfzfdf k}x|f] hfFb}5, lbgx'F ;fwf/0f dfG5]sf] nfzsf] n:s/ nfU5, / klgÙ /fhgLlts bnx¿ Ps}:j/df af]Ng ;Qm}gg\, /fhfn] k|wfgdGqL kbsf] lj1fkg ug'{k5{, /fhfnfO{ ;D‰fpg]–a'‰fpg] g s;}df tfst 5, g Nofst . /fhfn] lsg 6]g]{ < ;a} /fhgLlts g]tf / bnx¿sf] cfGb|fe'F8L s]nfO;s]sf /fhfn], nf]eL /fhgLlt1, sfkm/ gf]s/zfxL / :jfyL{ gful/s ;dfhnfO{ g} k|hftGqsf] h8 pv]Ng xltof/ agfPsf] s'/f Go"/f]8sf] ;fx'b]lv lnP/ Onfdsf] sfG5f sfdL;DdnfO{ yfxf 5 . o;y{ s;n], sxfF, lsg / s;sf] nflu a'‰krfPsf] xf], k|Zg hl6n 5 .

ls/0f kf08]

cf;g u|x0fM k|d b]pjf / ljb]zdGqL l;+x

/fhfnfO{ ;xL lbzfdf lxF8fpg], bnx¿aLrsf] n'5fr'F8L ;dfKt ug]{ / dfcf]jfbL lx+;fsf] n]vfhf]vf g]kfnLx¿n] g} ug'{k5{Ù ef/t / cd]l/sfn] xf]Og . • • •

3tnfUbf] s'/f] s] eg], g]kfnsf /fhf cfˆgf] rf}sLdf a'§f eg{ ef/tLo sf/Lu/nfO{ lgDTofpF5g\, ptf /fhgLlts bn /fhfsf] rf}sL eTsfpg ToxL ef/tLo sf/Lu/nfO{ cFufN5g\ . ef/tLo sf/Lu/ km]l/ lsg låljwf / cGof]ndf gkg]{ < olb g]kfn ef/tLo x:tIf]k g} rfxG5 eg] klg, s'g lbzfdf rflxG5Ù ;f] kl/is[t 9Ëdf OlËt ul/g'k5{ . /fi6«sf] gLlt x'g'k5{, ;kmf / k|ToIf, …lxkf]qmf6Ú eP/ /fi6« slxNo} cl3 a9\b}g . cGof]ndf k/]sf] ef/tn] s;/L nfdf] cjlwsf] gLlt ckgfpg] < cfh dfcf]jfbLsf] qf;, ef]ln /fhfsf] eo / kl;{ k|hftGqsf] gfz Û ef/tn] klg t cfˆgf] /fli6«o lxt x]g}{ k¥of] lg Û

l5d]sL /fi6«x¿sf cfGtl/s dfldnfx¿df x:tIf]k ubf{ ubf{ yfls;s]sf] ef/tn] ca s"6gLlts ;DaGwsf] csf]{ lbzf vf]Hb}5 . sltko x:tIf]kn] ef/tnfO{ r]tfof] klg . >LnÍfdf zflGt kmf}h k7fP/ s]jn ab\gfdL / c;kmntf kfof] . /fhLj ufGwL h:tf] g]tf ;d]tnfO{ u'dfpg' k¥of] . ef/tn] vf]Hg yfn]sf] gofF lbzfdf x:tIf]k xf]Og, ;D‰f}tf / ;f‰]bf/LÙ zf]if0f xf]Og, ljsf;–;xcl:tTj / cfly{s ljb]zgLlt hl8Psf] x'g'k5{ . ef/tsf] ljb]z dGqfno / /fhgLlts ljrf/sx¿df o; k|sf/sf] ;f]rfO w]/} km:6fO;s]sf] 5 . ef/tsf] o; gf}nf] ;f]rfOsf] g]kfnn] Ps eP/ /fi6«lxtdf pkof]u ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 . JolQmut :jfy{df ef/tnfO{ lgDTofP, /fi6«n] xfjf vfg]5 .

g]kfnn] ut s]xL jif{x¿df ef]u]sf] h:tf] xTof–lx+;f–cftÍjfb ef/tn] c‰} hl6n ¿kdf s}og\ bzsb]lv ef]Ub} cfPsf] 5 . gfufNof08b]lv gS;njf/L / vln:tfg -k~hfa_ b]lv sflZd/n] c:tu|:t kf/]sf] ef/tn] clxn] klg cfwf dg / wg o:t} ;d:of ;'N‰fpgdf nufpg' kl//x]sf] 5 . u[x dGqfnosf] xfn} hf/L ul/Psf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg cg';f/ ;g\ !(() b]lv @))@ ;Dddf sflZd/df !!,)(@ ;fwf/0f hgtf / !^,@#^ cftÍjfbLx¿ dfl/P . o; cjlwdf ;'/Iff ;DaGwL vr{ dfq} nueu ?=@,#%* s/f]8 ul/of] . of] t s]jn sflZd/df, pQ/–k"jL{ If]qdf c‰} Jofks ¿kdf ;/sf/ ;+nUg x'g' k¥of] .

ef/tleq}sf] r/d jfdkGyL tfstx¿n] ( j6f /fHosf %# lhNnfnfO{ u|:t agfO;s]sf 5g\ . oxL /ˆtf/df dfcf]jfbLx¿ cl3 a9] eg] ef/tnfO{ l:ylt ;DxfNg lgs} ufx|f] kg]{5 . g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbL / ef/tsf oL r/d jfdkGyL tfstx¿aLrsf] ;DaGwn] ef/t–g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ c‰} glhs Nofpnf . To;}n] o; …glhsÚ kgfnfO{ kl/eflift ug{' / o;sf s"6gLlts ljj/0f tof/ kfg'{ clgjfo{ x'G5 .

dfcf]jfbLsf] xTof dfq} ;a} s'/f] xf]Og . ef/t ;/sf/sf] csf]{ a9\bf] lkmqmL xf], ef/tLo g]kfnLx¿ a;f]af; u/]sf If]qx¿df g]kfnL dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] pl3|bf] k|efj / ultljlw . ljz]iftM l;lnu'8L, cf;fd, lbNnL, b]x/fb'g cflb If]qx¿df dfcf]jfbLx¿n] w]/} ;Dks{ sfod ul/;s] . …g]kfnL Pstf ;dfhÚ dfly ef/t ;/sf/n] k|ltaGw nufPkl5, dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ef/tLo g]kfnLsf ;fdflhs–;flxlTos–;f+:s[lts ;+:yfx¿df ;+nUg eO{ cfˆgf] n8fOFsf cfwf/x¿ km}nfpFb}5g\ . ef/tLo g]kfnLx¿sf lglDt o;sf] glthf eofgs x'g;S5 . To;} klg ef/tLo g]kfnLx¿n] g]kfnsf g]kfnLx¿eGbf 5'§} lrgf/Lsf lglDt n8\b} cfPsf x'g\ . dfcf]jfbLx¿;Fusf] o:tf] ckljq ;DaGwn] logLx¿sf] lrgf/Lsf] n8fOFdf 7"nf] wSsf nfUg]5 . ef/t ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbL lj?4 u/]sf] sf/afxLdf ef/tLo g]kfnLx¿ grfxFbf–grfxFb} klg d'l5g ;S5g\ . o;sf] /fhgLlts k|ltkmn eoÍ/ x'g]5 .

csf]{lt/ slt dfcf]jfbLx¿ ef/tn] ks8\nf < nfvf}F dfcf]jfbLnfO{ y'g]/ /fVg] xf] eg] sf/fjf;sf] /fHo g} agfpg'knf{ . o;y{ /fli6«o ;'/Iff lxtsf] nflu klg ef/tn] g]kfn;Fusf] s"6gLlts ;dGjonfO{ tLI0f agfpg} k5{ . o;} ;Gbe{df ljb]zdGqL g6j/ l;+xsf] xfnsf] e|d0f dxŒjk"0f{ x'G5 . /fhfnfO{ ;xL lbzfdf lxF8fpg] sfd, /fhgLlts bnx¿aLrsf] ;:tf] n'5fr'F8L ;dfKt ug]{ bfloTj / dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] lx+;fTds sf/afxLsf] n]vfhf]vf g]kfn / g]kfnLx¿n] g} ug'{k5{Ù ef/t / cd]l/sfn] xf]Og . gq eg] ckmuflg:tfg / O/fsdf ‰}F g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts ;fj{ef}ldstf klg e'd/Lleq k:g afWo x'g]5 .

clxn]sf lvof k/]sf g]tfx¿n] hgtf–hgfb{gsf] of] cfsf+Iff / cfzfnfO{ 6'qm\ofpg' cl3 g}, g]kfnL hgtf ;'if'Kt lgb|faf6 hfUg'k5{– k|hftGqsf] /fFsf] afn]/ . o; ljifodf rrf{ x'g'k5{ . clxn];Dd df}g /x]sf l5d]sL /fi6«sf cvaf/, gful/s ;dfh / /fhgLlt1x¿n] g]kfnL hgtfsf] of] u'xf/nfO{ ;'Gg'k5{ . of] x:tIf]ksf] u'xf/ xf]Og, of] k|hftGqsf] c§xf; xf], ;a}n] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ o; avt ;3fpg' k5{ .