| :ynut
sfnfkfgL
ef/tsf]] gofF lgoGq0f /]vf
s/La rf/ bzsb]lv g]kfnsf] sfnfkfgLdf al;/x]sf]
ef/tLo kmf}hn] yk blIf0fsf] e"lddf c:yfoL ;+/rgf agfO{ lgoGq0f
/]vf lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 .
• z/b
s]=;L= sfnfkfgLdf
bfr'{nf lhNnfsf]
sfnfkfgL If]qdf …cglws[tÚ ¿kdf a:b} cfPsf] ef/tLo
;'/Iff kmf}h ;fljssf] 7fpFeGbf yk s/La ^)) ld6/ g]kfnL e"ldleq
k;]sf] 5 . o;cl3 ef/tLo kIfn] g} b'O{ b]zsf] l;dfgf egL 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] slyt …sfnLÚ gbL kf/ u/L ef/tLo ;]gf g]kfnL e"–efutkm{
k|j]z dfq u/]sf] 5}g, p;n] To; e]udf c:yfoL k|s[ltsf gofF u]6 /
cGo ;+/rgfx¿ ;d]t lgdf{0f ul/;s]sf] 5 .
sfnfkfgLsf] ;Ldf ljjfb ;fj{hlgs ePsf] ‰08} Ps
bzs ePsf]] 5 . %–^ jif{cl3;Dd pQm ljjfbu|:t l;dfgf x]g{
hfg] g]kfnLx¿ ef/tLo kIfn] sfnL gbL cyf{t\ …dxfsfnL
gbLsf] d'xfgÚ egL PstkmL{ ¿kdf 3f]if0ff u/]sf] Pp6f
;fgf] vf]N;fsf] blIf0f–k"jL{ lsgf/;Dd k'Ug] ub{y] .
Tof] vf]N;fsf] kfl/kl§ au/df ef/tLo kmf}hsf] SofDk 5 .
t/ clxn] Tof] If]q cjnf]sg ug{ hfg] g]kfnLx¿nfO{ ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{x¿n]
pQm vf]N;f]eGbf s/La %))–^)) ld6/j/} /f]S5g\Ù hxfF
pgLx¿n] /ftf ‰08f uf8]/ c:yfoL ;Ldf ;+/rgf tyf s]xL
aÍ/x¿ klg agfPsf 5g\ .
uPsf] @( ;fpgdf ef/tLo kmf}hn] agfPsf] o:t} Pp6f 9'Ë]–u]6
kf/ ugf{;fy of] ;DjfbbftfnfO{ /f]s]/ ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{x¿n]
s/La Ps 306f hlt s]/sf/ u/]sf lyP . pgLx¿n] cglws[t
¿kdf ef/tLo e"ld k|j]z u/]sf] cf/f]kdf Sofd]/f vf];]/
kmf]6f] lvlr;s]sf] l/n gi6 kf/L lkmtf{ x'g afWo kf/]sf lyP .
oxL If]qdf o;cl3 #) h]7 @)%% df …sf7df8f}F–sfnfkfgL
dfr{Ú df cfPsf g]skf dfn] ;dly{t ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg
ef/tLo kmf}hn] oxL If]qd} /f]s]sf lyP . To;a]nf ljBfyL{x¿;Fu}
uPsf g]kfnL clwsf/LnfO{ ef/tLo ;}lgsx¿n] …;'/Iff ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{
ljrf/ u/]/ l;dfgf eGbf s]xL cufl8 a9L ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ /f]Sg
dflyaf6 cfb]z cfPsf]Ú :ki6Ls/0f lbPsf lyP . To:t} pQm
36gfsf] k|ltlqmof:j?k ! c;f/ @)%% df tTsfnLg k//fi6« ;lrj
d'/f/Lk|;fb zdf{n] cf}krfl/s ¿kd} >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6
cfklQ hgfPkl5 zLtnlgjf;df af]nfOPsf tTsfnLg ef/tLo /fhb"t s]eL
/fhgn] …ef/tLo kmf}hn] :yfg kl/jt{g gu/]sf]Ú lhls/
u/]sf lyP .
s;n] x]g]{ <
g]kfnsf] cfklQ kl5 ef/tn] nufPsf] tf/sf] af/ x6fPsf] va/ :yfgLo
g]kfnL clwsf/Lx¿n] kfPsf lyP . t/, Tof] e"lddf
ef/tLo kmf}hn] cfˆgf] lgoGq0f sfod} /fv]sf] lyof] . ef/tLo
;dsIfLx¿nfO{ hfgsf/L lbP/ tLg jif{ kl5 )%* h]7df sfnfkfgL
hfFbf bfr{'nfsf tTsfnLg k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L j]bk|sfz n]vsnfO{ ToxL
e"lddf /f]s]/ ef/tLo kmf}hn] b'Jo{jxf/ u/]sf] lyof] .
ætf/sf] af/ t lyPg . t/, cfkm"n] eg]sf] dxfsfnL
gf3]/ ef/tLo kmf}hn] blIf0f lt/ aÍ/ agfO;s]sf] lyof] .
d}n] To;af/] u[x dGqfnonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyPF,Æ n]vsn]
lxdfn nfO{ atfP . t/, hfgsf/L x'Fbfx'Fb} klg kl5Nnf] cltqmd0f
af/] ;/sf/n] s'g} s'/f aflx/ NofPsf] 5}g . g t To;af/] ef/t;dIf
s'/f p7fPsf] va/ g} k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5 .
xfn bfr'{nfsf] ;b/d'sfddf ;/]sf] ;Ldf k|zf;g sfof{no
5fFu?sf k|d'v kmls/l;+x wfdLsf cg';f/, ljBfyL{x¿ dfr{df hfg'cl3
SofDkeGbf blIf0fsf] e"efu ef/tLo kmf}hn] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] lyPg .
ef}lts ;+/rgfx¿ klg lyPgg\ . ;DejtM ljBfyL{sf] dfr{sf]
a]nfb]lv g} sfnfkfgLaf6 blIf0ftkm{ a9]/ ef/tLo kmf}hn] gofF lgoGq0f
/]vf lgdf{0f u/]sf] x'g'k5{ .
 |
;g\ !(^@ b]lv a;]sf] ef/tLo ;}lgs SofDk dxfsfnLsf]
k"j{df 5 . SofDksf] k"jL{ 5]pdf agfOPsf] ;fgf] kf]v/L
glhs lzj / sfnLsf] dlGb/ 5 . ToxfFsf] ;fgf] kf]v/Laf6 lg:s]sf]
lt/lt/] vf]N;f] SofDknfO{ pQ/ kfb}{ klZrddf /x]sf] dxfsfnLdf ldl;Psf]
5 -x]= tl:a/_ . ! dª\l;/ )%# df tTsfnLg ;efd'v /fdrGb|
kf}8]n ;lxtsf] ;+;bLo 6f]nLnfO{ ef/tLo kIfn] ToxL vf]N;f]nfO{ sfnL
gbL egL atfPsf lyP . t/ clxn] cfP/ pgLx¿ cfkm}Fn] eg]sf]
slyt sfnL gbLsf] klg blIf0fsf] ^ ;o dL6/ e"efunfO{ lgoGq0fdf
lnPsf 5g\ . Tof] e"efusf] klZrdL lsgf/df ef/tLo ;}Go Onfsf
hgfpg] /ftf] ‰08f ufl8Psf] 5 . af6f]sf b'O{ lsgf/df 9'Ëfsf]
c:yfoL u]6 / To;sf] tn e'O{+df /ftf] /+usf] kmnfd] kfOk t]:of{OPsf]
b]lvG5 . k"j{lt/sf] cUnf] kxf8sf] km]bdf ;}lgs kf]i6 klg
/flvPsf] 5 .
e"Ifon] tLg 7fpFdf af6f]sf] lgzfgf g} d]l6Psfn]
bfr'{nfsf] ;b/d'sfd vnª\ufeGbf s/La !!) lsld pQ/df kg]{ sfnfkfgLsf]
af6f] ljs6 5 . To;dfly ef/tLo kmf}hsf] s8f lgu/fgLsf sf/0f
:yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿ k|foM Totf hfFb}gg\ . sfnfkfgLsf] af6f]df
kg]{ tNnf] sfjf / dflyNnf] sfjfsf] ;dy/ v]tLof]Uo hldg afF‰}
5, r/gsf] ¿kdf klg k|of]u ePsf] 5}g . tLg–rf/
jif{ cl3;Dd e]8fafv|f r/fpg hfg] u/]sf /fKnf–&, b'lDnËsf
k|]dl;+x a'9fyf]sL ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{sf] 8/n] hfg 5f]8]sf] atfpF5g\ .
gbL lsgf/df sfl6Psf ¿vx¿ / lr/]/ tof/ kfl/Psf kmNofsx¿
b]lvG5g\ . o;cl3 bfr{'nfsf tTsfnLg k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L j]bk|sfz
n]vsn] g]kfnsf ¿v sf6]/ ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{n] cfˆgf] SofDk
agfpg k|of]u ul//x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .
;LdfjtL{ g]kfnL sfof{nox¿ x6fOPkl5 g]kfnkl§sf
clGtd ufpF 5fFu? / lt+s/sf afl;Gbf g} ef/t / rLg;Fusf] g]kfnL l;dfgfsf
/Ifs ePsf 5g\ . t/ /fHosf] pkl:yltsf] cfef; gkfPsf oL …;Ldf/IfsÚ
g]kfnL e"ld cltqmd0f ePsf] yfxf kfP klg gkfP ‰}F a;]sf
jf a:g afWo ePsf 5g\ .
sfnfkfgL ljjfb
;'uf}nL ;lGwn] ef/t;Fu g]kfnsf] klZrdL l;dfgf dxfsfnL gbL dfg]sf]
5 . gfkL ljefusf k"j{ dxflgb]{zs a'l4gf/fo0f >]i7 cfkm"n]
s]xL jif{cl3 a]nfot / cd]l/sfaf6 NofPsf] ;'uf}nL ;lGwtfsfsf gS;fx¿df
lnlDkofw'/faf6 lg:s]sf] gbLsf] gfd …sfnLÚ n]lvPsf]
/ lnk'n]saf6 cfPsf] gbLsf] gfd pNn]v gePsf] atfpF5g\ . To;
cg';f/ sfnL gbLnfO{ b'O{ b]zsf] l;dfgf dfGbf sfnfkfgL dfq xf]Og,
To;b]lv blIf0f–klZrdsf u'~hL, gfeL / s'6L ufpF;lxt #!) ju{
lsnf]ld6/ If]q klg g]kfndf kb{5 . @)!* ;fndf ;]tL c~rnsf] hgu0fgf
clws[t eP/ bfr{'nf uPsf kqsf/ e}/j l/;fn To;a]nf g]kfnn] g} oL ufpFsf]
hgu0fgf u/]sf] atfpF5g\ .
g]kfnsf e"uf]n, Oltxf; / gS;flj1x¿ ;'uf}nL
;lGwtfsfsf gS;fx¿nfO{ g} cfwf/ dfGb} g]kfnn] ef/t;fd' lnlDkofw'/fnfO{
dxfsfnLsf] d'xfg bfaL ug{'k5{ eG5g\ . t/, xfn;Dd b'O{ b]zsf
k|fljlws ;ldltb]lv /fhgLlts tx;Dddf ePsf ljleGg a}7s Pj+ jftf{df
g]kfn kIfaf6 To:tf] bfaL ePsf] 5}g . k|wfgdGqL sfof{non] ;g\
!*%) / !*%^ df k|sflzt ;e]{ ckm Ol08ofsf] gS;fnfO{ pb\w[t ub}{ !
c;f/ @)%% df /fli6«o ;efnfO{ lnk'n]s e~HofË dxfsfnLsf]
d'xfg ePsf] / sfnfkfgL g]kfnL e"efudf kg]{ cf}krfl/s hfgsf/L
lbPsf] lyof] .
;g\ !*^) kl5sf clwsf+z ef/tLo gS;fx¿df eg]
lnlDkofw'/f d'xfg ePsf] gbLnfO{ …s'6LÚ jf …s'l6ofª\bLÚ
/ lnk'n]saf6 ‰/]sf] gbLnfO{ …sfnLÚ elgPsf] 5 .
o;}nfO{ ;Ldf gbL dfGg] xf] eg] klg sfnfkfgL g]kfnd} kb{5 .
cf}krfl/s ¿kdf To;nfO{ c:jLsf/ gu/] klg ef/tn] sfnfkfgLnfO{
ljjflbt k|s/0f eGb} cfk;L ;xdltdf 6'Ëf] nufpg'kg]{ ljifo atfPsf]
5 . ljutdf ‰}F o;k6ssf] ef/t e|d0faf6 g]kfnL k|wfgdGqL
;Ldf ;DaGwL ;a} sfd k'/f ug{ g]kfn–ef/t ;+o'Qm k|fljlws ;Ldf
;ldltnfO{ cfufdL h'g dlxgf;Ddsf] Dofb yk]/ kmls{g'ePsf] 5 .
sfnfkfgLnfO{ klg cGo ;Ldf ;DaGwL ljjfbsf] Kofs]h leq} kfl/gfn] b'O{
b]zsf] ;DaGwnfO{ g} k|efljt ug]{ u/L a]nfa]nf ax;sf] ljifo aGg]
u/]sf] sfnfkfgLsf] ljifo hxfFsf] ToxLF 5 .
b'O{b]zLo ;LdfnfO{ cfw'lgs ¿kdf gS;fÍg
ul//x]sf] ;f] ;ldltsf cg';f/, ca 6'Ëf] nufpg afFsL d'Vo If]q
g} ;':tf / sfnfkfgL xf] . t/, ;ldltsf Ps g]kfnL clwsf/L eG5g\,
ædxfsfnLsf] d'xfg lnk'n]s g} ePsf]n] ef/tLo kmf}h a;]sf] 7fpF
g]kfns} xf] . t/, xfdL ToxfF gfKg hfFbf kmf}hn] /f]Sof] eg]
cfˆgf] e"ld g} ljjfbsf] ljifo aG5 . To;}n] of] ljjfb
pRr /fhgLlts txaf6 g} ;'N‰fpg' k5{ .Æ
jfl/ ;'g;fg, kfl/ kmf}h}kmf}h
dfcf]jfbL ;d:of rls{Fb} uPkl5 g]kfnsf] klZrdL l;dfgfsf k|x/L rf}sLx¿
;b/d'sfddf ;fl/P . g]kfnL ;Ldf If]q l/Qf] x'Fb} uof] .
ef/tn] eg] cfˆgf] ;Ldf If]qdf ;'/Iff ;~hfn a9fpFb} nu]sf] 5 .
dfcf]]jfbLsf] …;b/d'sfd gfsfaGbLÚ n]
ubf{ dx]Gb|gu/sf] pQ/df kg]{ a}t8L / bfr{'nf hfg] k|foM g]kfnLx¿
ef/tsf] jgaf;f–lkyf}/fu9–wfr'{nf eP/ ofqf u5{g\ .
a}t8Lsf] ;b/d'sfd uf]7nfkfgLsf Aofkf/L uug d8} b'Mv];f] kf]V5g\,
æ/fhwfgLdf kfFr lbg gfsfaGbL x'Fbf ;+;f/el/ xNnf dlRrG5 .
xfdL gfsfaGbLdf k/]sf] ^ dlxgf laTbf klg s;}nfO{ kL/–;'tf{
5}g .Æ
u8\8frf}sLsf] pQ/df uf]7nfkfgL k|j]z ug]{ gfsf ‰'nf3f6
k'u]kl5 dfq g]kfnL eG;f/ / ;'/IffsdL{ e]l6G5g\ . To;kl5 csf]{
;Ldf rf}sL jf eG;f/ e]6\g eg] bfr{'nfsf] ;b/d'sfd vnª\uf g}
k'Ug'k5{ . t/, ;b/d'sfd 6f9f ePsfn] ‰'nf3f6sf k|foM ;a}
sd{rf/L / ;'/IffsdL{x¿ dfcf]jfbLaf6 Hofg hf]ufpg ef/tkl§
8]/f lnP/ /ft sf6\5g\ . g]kfnd} a:g] eG;f/sf lkog hobQ
hf]zLsf] # ;fpg ;fF‰ ;f9] kfFr ah] dfcf]jfbLn] lgd{dtfk"j{s
xTof u/] . !@ ;fpgdf t pgLx¿n] g]kfnL ;'/IffsdL{nfO{
nIo u/]/ rnfPsf] uf]nLaf6 kfl/ ‰'nf3f6sL Ps ef/tLo aflnsf
3fOt] eOg\ . dfcf]jfbLsf o:t} u}/lhDd]jf/ sfo{n] ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{
g]kfnLx¿k|lt a9L zÍfn' agfOlbPsf] 5 / To;sf]
kL8f ef]lu/x]sf 5g\ ;–;fgf sfdsf] lglDt ef/t hfg afWo ;j{;fwf/0f
g]kfnL .
lkyf}/fu9af6 s/La () lsld pQ/ dxfsfnLsf] klZrd t6df
ef/tLo ahf/ wfr{'nf / k"jL{ t6df bfr{'nfsf] ;b/d'sfd vnª\uf
kb{5g\ . lkyf}/fu9–wf/r'nfsf] aLrdf OG8f]–ltAat
af]8{/ k'ln; -cfO{6LaLkL_ sf SofDkx¿ klg ylkPsf 5g\ .
lkyf}/fu9 ahf/ glhs} cfO{6LaLkLsf] @! g+= aflxgL 5 . ;b/d'sfd
vnª\uf / e/tLo ahf/ wf/r'nfnfO{ hf]8\g] dxfsfnLsf] k'ndf b'j}lt/sf
;'/IffsdL{n] /ftsf] !@ 306f tfNrf nufpF5g\ . bfr{'nfaf6 x]bf{
kfl/sf] wf/r'nf /flt ca]/;Ddsf] rxnkxnkl5 9'Ss lgbfPsf] b]lvG5
eg] cf7 aHbfgaHb} ;'g;fg x'g] jfl/sf] vnª\uf ;Gqf;df /ft sf6\5 .
bfr'{nfdf ;b/d'sfdsf] s]xL ;o ld6/ If]q aflx/ sxLF st} ;'/Iffkmf}hsf]
pkl:ylt 5}g . k|lhc / cGo g]kfnL sd{rf/Lx¿ …dlg{ª
jfs\Ú ug{ ;d]t ef/tsf] e"ld pkof]u u5{g\ . o:t}
lbgrof{ latfpFb} oxfFaf6 ;?jf ePsf k|lhc s]zjk|;fb k'8f;}gL ;fpgsf]
klxnf] xKtf ef/tsf] af6f] x'Fb} dx]Gb|gu/ eP/ g]kfn k;]sf lyP .
vnËfsf] pQ/ g]kfnlt/ rf}sL jf eG;f/ e]l6Fb}gg\ .
t/, wf/r'nfsf] pQ/lt/ g]kfnL l;dfgfdf rf/–kfFr lsnf]ld6/sf]
b'/Ldf cfO{6LaLkL, P;P;aLnufotsf ef/tLo ;}lgs lzlj/ / u:tLx¿
e]l6G5g\ . wf/r'nfaf6 #%–$) lsld df]6/ af6f] kf/ u/]/
*–( 306f k}bn lxF8]kl5 k'lug] l5ofn]sb]lv pQ/sf] e"efunfO{
ef/tn] lgolGqt If]q 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . ToxfFl:yt cfO6LaLkL
@$ g+ aflxgLsf] klxnf] r]skf]i6af6 cufl8 a9\g g]kfn–ef/t ;+o'Qm
kf; lng' k5{ . cfO{6LaLkLsf] bf]>f] r]skf]i6 lxdeL/ rf}sL
/x]sf] uAof{ªeGbf pQ/sf] ef/tLo e"lddf rflxF g]kfnLn]
k|j]z cg'dlt kfpFb}gg\ . oxLFaf6 dxfsfnLsf] ;Ltfk'n t/]/ g]kfn
k|j]z ug'{k5{, hxfF dxfsfnLsf] k"jL{ l9sdf 5, bfr'{nfsf] pQ/L
uflj; Aof;sf] 5fFu? .
sfnfkfgL 5]pd} dfcf]jfbL
z/b s]=;L= |
bfr'{nfsf] lxdfnL e]sdf kg]{ Aof; uflj;af6 k|x/L rf}sL,
;Ldf k|zf;g / eG;f/ sfof{no x6]kl5 ut jif{b]lv oxfF dfcf]jfbLx¿
…;]G6«L kf]i6Ú agfP/ a;]sf 5g\ . ko{6ssf]
¿kdf ltAatl:yt s}nfz–dfg;/f]j/ hfg] tLy{ofqLx¿
ef/tnfO{ /f]oN6L lt/]/ ;Ltfk'naf6 pQ/ ef/tsf] af6f] u'~hL / sfnfkfgL
x'Fb} lnk'n]s sf6]/ ltAatL ahf/ tfSnfsf]6 k'U5g\ . g]kfnaf6
klg 5fFu?, lt+s/ x'Fb} lnk'n]s sf6]/ tfSnfsf]6 hfg] af6f] 5 .
t/, dfcf]jfbL qf;sf sf/0f g]kfnL af6f] eP/ dfg;/f]j/ hfg]x¿
lgs} 36]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] o;kflnsf] l;hg -c;f/–ebf}_
df dfg;/f]j/ hfg nfu]sf g]kfnL af]Ng ghfGg] jf g]kfnL gful/stf gePsf
s/La #%–$) hgfnfO{ kmsf{OlbP . 5fFu? glhs} ufufsf Aofkf/L
hLtaxfb'/ af]x/f eG5g\, æb'O{ jif{ eof] . of] af6f] ;'g;fg
5 . Aofkf/ t aaf{b} eO;Sof] .Æ
sfnfkfgL eGbf !$ lsld blIf0f 5fFu?df a;]sf dfcf]jfbL
Knf6'g sdf08/ /d]z cfˆgf] pkl:yltsf] p2]Zo ;Ldf ;'/Iff ug'{
klg /x]sf] bfaL u5{g\ eg] Knf6'g sld;f/ a?0f lqb]zLo ;Ldfdf
kf6L{sf] pkl:ylt k|f]kf]u08fsf] nflu ePsf] atfpF5g\ . t/, pgLx¿
sfnfkfgLsf] l:yltsf af/]df cgle1 g} kfOG5g\ . Pp6f P;PdhL /
s]xL y|Lg6y|L tyf e?jf aGb's af]s]/ oxfF a;]sf dfcf]jfbLsf s/La
Ps bh{g ljb|f]xLx¿sf] d'Vo p2]Zo of] af6f] eP/ ltAatsf] tfSnfsf]6tkm{
cf];fl/g] h8La'6LÙ of;f{u'Daf / ef/taf6 lelqg] b'n{e jGohGt'sf
5fnf Pj+ cËsf] Jofkf/Lx¿af6 …s/Ú p7fpg'
/x]sf] kfOG5 . ;Ltfk'ndf xFl;of–xyf}8f clÍt nfn‰08f
kmx/fpFb} of;f{u'Dafsf] k|lts]hL ?=#% xhf/ s/ p7fO/x]sf dfcf]jfbLx¿
cl3Nnf] jif{ s/La ?=^% nfv p7]sf] atfpF5g\ . of] jif{ !)–!@
SjLG6n of;f{u'Daf ltAat lgsf;L x'g] pgLx¿sf] cg'dfg 5 .
To;af6 pgLx¿nfO{ ;f9] tLg s/f]8;Dd cfDbfgL x'g;S5 .
;/sf/n] klxn] k|ltalGwt /x]sf] of;f{u'Daf ;Íng !% df3 @)%*
df k|lts]hL ?=@) xhf/ /fh:j lnP/ km's'jf ug]{ lg0f{o u/] klg clxn];Dd
lhNnf jg sfof{no bfr'{nfn] ! k};f klg p7fpg ;s]sf] 5}g .
dfcf]jfbLx¿ jGohGt'sf cËsf] cj}w Jofkf/df
v'n]/ g} nfu]sf] e]l6G5 . Knf6'g sdf08/ /d]zsf cg';f/, of]
jif{ -@)^!_ pgLx¿sf] ;xof]udf ef/tLox¿n] af3 / lrt'jfsf
@%) yfg 5fnf / xf8 ltAat k'¥ofO;s]sf 5g\ . pgL eG5g\, æs/
lt/]afkt oxfFaf6 ltAatsf] l;dfgf;Dd ;'/Iff lbg' xfd|f] lhDd]jf/L
x'G5 .Æ o;cl3 k6s–k6s af3, lrt'jf / cf]bsf 5fnf,
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