cy{–ahf/÷;+If]k

s[lifahf/ rDsg yfn]

cd/xf6l:yt w/fgsf] s[lif ahf/n] ut cfly{s jif{ -@)^)÷^!_ df ?=&^ s/f]8sf] sf/f]af/ u¥of] . h;df s/La ?=&# s/f]8 d"Nosf] $# xhf/ 6g s[lif pkh / ‰08} ?=# s/f]8sf] kz'–kIfL v/Lb–laqmL eof] . of] sf/f]af/ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] eGbf bf]Aa/ xf] .

@)%# ;fndf ?=^) nfvsf] nfutdf lgld{t of] ahf/ @)%* df w/fg gu/kflnsf ;lqmo gx'Fbf;Dd aGb cj:yfdf lyof] . oxfF d"ntM h8La'6L, tfhf t/sf/L / kmnkm"n tyf v;L–af]sf, s'v'/fsf] sf/f]af/ x'G5 . of] s[lifahf/n] ;'g;/L, wgs'6f, t]x|y'd, ;+v'jf;ef, ef]hk'/b]lv ‰fkf, l;/fxf, hgsk'/, ;nf{xL, jL/u~h, gf/fo0fu9, sf7df8f}F / e'6fg tyf ef/tsf l;lnu'8L, kmf/lj;u~h, ;x;f{, k"l0f{of, dWok|b]z / lxdf~rn k|b]z;Dd ;d]6]sf] 5 . ahf/ Joj:yfks zDe' s6'jfn eG5g\, æe'6fgsf] cfn', ef/tsf] Kofh, sfFqmf], d6/sf];f, cfFk, :ofp, cgf/, cª\u'/ cflb;Fu;Fu} rLg, vf;fsf] n;'g;d]t cfOk'U5 w/fg . oxfFaf6 klg k|z:t} tfhf t/sf/L / kmnkm"n ef/t hfG5 . kxf8lt/sf] y'k|} cn}FrL, lr/fO{tf], clDn;f] / h8La'6Lx¿ t oxfF gcfO{ ;Lw} ef/t lgsf;L klg x'G5 .Æ

ahf/df cfˆgf] pTkfbg laqmL ug{ kfpFbf pT;flxt wgs'6f a]nxf/fsf %@ jifL{o s[ifs bf]ngfy 9sfn eG5g\, æslxn]sfxLF aGb / gfsfaGbLn] df/ kf5{ . slt rf]l6 @) ?k}ofFsf] dfn kfFr ?k}ofFdf kmfn]sf] 5' .Æ dlxgfdf kfFr k6s;Dd kmnkm"n / t/sf/L lnP/ ‰g]{ wgs'6f, l5Gtfªsf $& jifL{o g/axfb'/ /fO{ eG5g\, æpTkfbg t hlt w]/} ug{ ;Sof] plt ahf/ 5 lg Û t/ xfdLnfO{ cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] 1fg 5}g . slxn]sfxLF ;dodf dn / cf}iflw gkfP/ nufgL v]/ hfG5 .Æ

w/fg s[lifahf/df ;oeGbf a9L yf]s / v'b|f Jofkf/L 5g\ . /d]z ;fx, gGblszf]/ ;fx, ljzjrGb| rf}w/L, a]r' ;fx, ;f]g]nfn u'Ktf, /fdfl;; ;fx, ;'af]w rf}w/L, zq'£g ;fx, sfhL lu/L, z}n]Gb| rf}w/L, k|df]b rf}w/L, xl/ sfsL{ 7"nf yf]s laqm]tf dflgG5g\ . ahf/df kof{Kt uf]bfd / sf]N8 :6f]/]h gePsf]df Jofkf/Lx¿sf] u'gf;f] 5 . pgLx¿ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] dgk/L lng] s/af6 klg cflht 5g\ . /d]z ;fx eG5g\, æPp6f ufpF / lhNnfdf s/ lt/]/ cfPsf] ;fdfu|Lsf] x/]s lhNnfdf s/ ltg'{k5{ . yf]qf] af]/fsf] ;d]t sjf8L s/ lnG5g\ .Æ pTkfbg ePsf] lhNnfn] dfq s/ p7fpg kfpg] eP klg ;a} lhNnfn] p7fpg] u/]sf] ahf/ Joj:yfks s6'jfn ;d]t :jLsf/ ub{5g\ .

o;}u/L, Ps bzsb]lv pkof]udf gcfPsf] afFs]sf] sf]xnk'/ s[lif ahf/ klg v'n]sf] 5 . cf7 dlxgfb]lv xKtfsf] b'O{ lbg t/sf/Lsf] yf]s tyf km'6s/ sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf] o; ahf/df afFs]b]lv ;Nofgsf] sk'/sf]6, /f]Nkfsf] xf]n]/L / b}n]vsf] /fgLdQf;Ddaf6 t/sf/L cfpg yfn]sf] 5 . o;}aLr sf]xnk'/df Ps bzsb]lv rrf{ eO/x]sf] ax'p2]ZoLo zLte08f/ klg lgdf{0f x'g] ePsf] 5 . s'n ?=$ s/f]8 *$ nfvsf] nfutdf aGg] b'O{ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g Ifdtfsf] zLte08f/sf] nflu ;xsf/L ljsf; af]8{n] ?=! s/f]8 ($ nfv lbg] ePsf] 5 . æafFsL /sdsf] nflu xfdL z]o/ a]Rb}5f}F,Æ zLte08f/ lgdf{0f cg'udg ;ldltsf cWoIf Pj+ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf k|d'v vflnb cxdb vfF eG5g\ . ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf gf/fo0f l;Ub]nsf cg';f/ zLte08f/sf] lgdf{0f b'O{ jif{df ul/;Sg] of]hgf 5 . clxn] e08f/ ;'ljwf geP/ afFs]sf ls;fgx¿ cfn'sf] lap /fVg e}/xjf jf x]6f}F8f;Dd k'U5g\ .

g]kfnu~hsf u|fxsdf lge{/ ?k}l8xf -ef/t_ sf] t/sf/Lahf/ .

olt dfq xf]Og, afFs]sf] blIf0fL If]qsf ls;fgx¿ g]kfnu~h–?k}l8xf ;8sdf kg]{ ejgLofk'/ uflj;sf] rf}lnSsfdf t/sf/Lsf] yf]sahf/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;d]t cu|;/ ePsf 5g\ . pQm ahf/ lgdf{0f ;ldltsf cWoIf u'nfd /AafgL eG5g\, æxfdL oxfF rflxg] t/sf/L oxLF a]rlavg u/]/ ljb]lzg] k};f /f]S5f}F .Æ rf}lnSsf yf]s ahf/sf] lgdf{0fdf lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] klg rf;f] b]vfPsf] 5 . ahf/sf nflu cfjZos b'O{ ljufxf hUufsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;s] afnL ljljwLs/0f cfof]hgfn] ejgnufot cGo k"jf{wf/ / ;'ljwfx¿ lgdf{0f ul/lbg] ePsf] 5 . hUuf v/Lbsf nflu lhlj;, gu/kflnsf, uflj; / s[ifs ;d"xx¿af6 s/La ?=& nfv ;Íng eO;s]sf] 5 .

afFs] lxl/ldlgof–* sf u'nfd /AafgL kfFr jif{b]lv cfˆgf] v]taf/Lsf] t/sf/L ef/tsf] ?k}l8xfdf nu]/ ;:tf]df a]lr/x]sf 5g\ eg] g]kfnL Jofkf/L / u|fxsx¿ ?k}l8xf uP/ ToxL t/sf/L dxËf]df lsg]/ NofpF5g\ . g]kfnu~h jf o; j/k/ t/sf/Lsf] yf]sahf/ / e08f/ ;'ljwf geP/ o:tf] ePsf] xf] . b}lgs b'O{ ;o d]l6«s 6geGbf a9L t/sf/L laqmL x'g] ?k}l8xf s[lif pTkfbg d08L ;ldltsf cWoIf ;~ho cu|jfn eG5g\, æ:yfgLo JolQmn] b}lgs pkef]usf] nflu dfq lsG5g\, c? ;a} u|fxs g]kfnL x'g\ . pgLx¿ geP of] ahf/ aGb g} x'G5 .Æ Ps cg'dfg cg';f/, ?k}l8xfsf] t/sf/L ahf/df g]kfnLx¿ jflif{s ?=&# s/f]8b]lv ?=! ca{;Dd vr{ ub{5g\ .

afFs]df a9L t/sf/L v]tL x'g] lxl/ldlgof, ejgLofk'/, lkk|xjf / ;fOufpF x'g\ . lhNnfsf s[ifsx¿ jif]{lg *) xhf/ d]l6«s 6geGbf a9L t/sf/L / @& xhf/ 6geGbf a9L cfn' pTkfbg ub{5g\ . cfˆgf] pTkfbg ef/t ;d]t lgsf;L ug{;Sg] lxDdt 5 oxfFsf s[ifsx¿sf] . ejgLofk'/sf ls;fg xl/rGb| ofbj eG5g\, æahf/ / e08f/sf] ;'ljwf kfP clxn]eGbf bf]Aa/–t]Aa/ hUufdf v]tL uYof{}F .

• 8Da/s[i0f, w/fg
/fd]Zj/, g]kfnu~h

8]9 s/f]8df ‰¥of] t]nsf] 3f6f

s/La Ps dlxgfsf] cjlwdf bf];|f] k6s k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4 u/]/ g]kfn cfon lgudn] cfˆgf] b}lgs 3f6f 8]9 s/f]8 ?k}ofFdf ‰f/]sf] 5 . o;cl3, ef/taf6 dfl;s ?=! ca{ () s/f]8sf] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ v/Lb u/]/ g]kfndf ?=! ca{ @* s/f]8df a]Rg] u/]sf] lgudn] dfl;s ?=^@ s/f]8 cyf{t\ b}lgs ?=@ s/f]8eGbf a9L 3f6f Joxf]b}{ cfPsf] lyof] .

kl5Nnf] d"Noj[l4df PnkL UofF;, l8h]n / dl§t]n k/]sf 5g\ . UofF; k|lt l;ln08/ ?=@% dxFuf] eP/ ?=&%) / l8h]n k|ltln6/ ?=$ ylkP/ ?=#% k'u]sf] 5 . o:t} dl§t]ndf ln6/sf] ?=$ a9]/ v'Nnf ahf/ d"No ?=@* / ;x'lnot d"No ?=@$ ePsf] 5 .

ljut !^ dlxgfdf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No ^% k|ltztn] j[l4 eP klg ljleGg /fhgLlts bafasf sf/0f lgudn] To; cg'kftdf cfˆgf] d"No a9fpg ;s]sf] lyPg . of] aLrdf lgudsf] ‰08} ?=$ ca{sf] ;l~rt sf]if gfl;Psf] / AofÍx¿n] p;nfO{ kTofpg 5f8]sf lyP . lgudsf clwsf/Lx¿ cGt/f{li6«o d"No;Fu ldnfg ug{ tyf lgudsf] 3f6f 36fpFb} n}hfg d"Noj[l4sf] qmd cfpg] l8;]Da/;Dd rNg] atfpF5g\ .

g'jfsf]6df df]Hhf/]nf lrh

g]kfn b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfgn] g'jfsf]6sf] lr;fkfgLl:yt lrkfe~Hofª lrh pTkfbg s]Gb|df O6flnog vfgf …lkHhfÚ agfpg k|of]u x'g] df]Hhf/]nf lrhsf] pTkfbg z'? u/]sf] 5 . uPsf] @@ h]7af6 lrh pTkfbg x'g yfn]kl5 lzjk'/L /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] l;dfgfdf kg]{ l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf x}j'ª / wsfg], g'jfsf]6sf tnfv' / 5fk uflj;sf b"w–ls;fg nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . s]Gb|n] lxNr] b"w pTkfbg ;xsf/L ;+:yfdfkm{t\ ls;fgx¿sf] b"w v/Lb ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

;d'b| ;txaf6 @,@!% ld6/ pFrfOdf /x]sf] o; lrh pTkfbg s]Gb|n] b}lgs tLg ;o ln6/ b"waf6 $) s]hL df]Hhf/]nf lrh agfpg ;Sg] eP klg xfn @% s]hL lrh / afFsL b"wsf] klg/ pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ædfusf] cfwf/df
df]Hhf/]nf lrhsf] pTkfbg a9fpFb} nfg ;S5f}F,Æ ;+:yfgsf] b'Uwkbfy{ pTkfbg tyf laqmL ljt/0f cfof]hgfsf k|d'v /fhuf]ljGb /fhsl0f{sf/ atfpF5g\ . ;+:yfgn] ut jif{b]lv cfˆgf] afnfh'l:yt d'Vo k|zf]wg s]Gb|af6 df]Hhf/]nf lrhsf] pTkfbg z'? u/]sf] lyof] .

cfn'h ;Fu k]K;L

rf}w/L ;d"xn] cfˆgf] pTkfbg qm~r cfn'h sf] laqmL k|j4{gsf lglDt o;;Fu;Fu} Ps af]tn km'Rr] k]K;Lsf]nf l;Q}Fdf lbg] gofF ahf/ k|j4{g sfo{qmd z'? u/]sf] 5 . ?=@@ kg]{ qm~r cfn'h ;g\ @))# sf] cGTodf ahf/df NofOPsf] xf] .

;gl;Nssf] km]zg ;Ktfx

km]zg l8hfOg sfplG;n ckm g]kfn / Ol08of Ph's]zg ;]06/sf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgf tyf g]kfn lne/ lnld6]8sf] k|fof]hgdf g]kfnd} klxnf] k6s ;gl;Ns km]zg ;Ktfx ;DkGg eof] . g]kfnL l8hfOg/x¿sf] l;h{gfTds Ifdtf clea[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon] *–!$ c;f]hdf xf]6n ofs P08 oltdf ;DkGg ;f] k|bz{gLdf tLg bh{g :6nx¿dfkm{t\ l8hfOg/x¿n] cf–cfˆgf l;h{gf pkef]Qmf ;fd' k|:t't u/]sf lyP . :6nx¿df uxgf, sk8f, klZdgf, ;f}Gbo{ k|zfwg, 5fnfsf ;fdfg, r:dfnufotsf km]zg ;Da4 ;fdu|Lx¿ k|blz{t lyP .

pQm k|bz{gLsf] Jofj;flos nIo cfpFbf] l;hgsf] km]zg lyof] .